Analogies and Learned

 To make something intelligent is to give it input parameters. Parameters which are nothing but additional valuable information which is needed to ensure that the program works efficiently and flexibly.

Buffering:
The cout stream in C++ is buffered by default, which means that the output is stored in a buffer before being actually written to the console. This buffering introduces some overhead. On the other hand, printf typically flushes the output immediately, reducing the buffering overhead.